Consultancy for the Impact of Climate Change on the Migration and Displacement Dynamics... Tender

Procurement Summary

Country : Denmark

Summary : Consultancy for the Impact of Climate Change on the Migration and Displacement Dynamics of Rohingya Refugees

Deadline : 26 Sep 2023

Other Information

Notice Type : Tender

TOT Ref.No.: 89067340

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Competition : ICB

Financier : Other Funding Agencies

Purchaser Ownership : Public

Tender Value : Refer Document

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Tender Details

Request for proposals are invited for Consultancy for the Impact of Climate Change on the Migration and Displacement Dynamics of Rohingya Refugees.

Closing Date: 26 Sep 2023

Type: Consultancy

Who is the Danish Refugee Council and the Mixed Migration Centre?

Founded in 1956, the Danish Refugee Council (DRC) is a leading international NGO and one of the few with a specific expertise in forced displacement. Active in 40 countries with 9, 000 employees and supported by 7, 500 volunteers, DRC protects, advocates, and builds sustainable futures for refugees and other displacement affected people and communities. DRC works during displacement at all stages: In the acute crisis, in displacement, when settling and integrating in a new place, or upon return. DRC provides protection and life-saving humanitarian assistance; supports displaced persons in becoming self-reliant and included into hosting societies; and works with civil society and responsible authorities to promote protection of rights and peaceful coexistence. The DRC Asia Regional Office, based in Dhaka, Bangladesh, oversees DRC operations across the region, with particular focus on Afghanistan, Myanmar, and Bangladesh.

The Mixed Migration Centre (MMC) is a leading source for independent and high-quality data, research, analysis and expertise. MMC aims to increase understanding of mixed migration, to positively impact global and regional migration policies, to inform evidence-based protection responses for people on the move and to stimulate forward thinking in public and policy debates on mixed migration. MMC-s overarching focus is on human rights and protection for all people on the move. MMC focuses on 7 core regions, with regional teams in each of these: East and Southern Africa, North Africa, West Africa, Asia and the Pacific, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Europe. Read more about MMC here: www.mixedmigration.org.

Purpose of the consultancy:

The Danish Refugee Council-s Mixed Migration Center Asia and the Pacific seeks proposals from a consultant to research the impact of climate change on the movement of Rohingya refugees.

Background:

The “Protecting Refugees in Asia” (PRiA) project is a joint project of Adventist Development & Relief Agency (ADRA), the Asia Displacement Solutions Platform (ADSP), the Danish Refugee Council (DRC), HOST International Malaysia, Jesuit Refugee Service (JRS) Indonesia, and the Mixed Migration Centre (MMC). Through support from the European Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (ECHO), the project addresses the protection risks and needs of refugees in Asia with a particular focus on India, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. It combines evidence-based research with programmatic and advocacy expertise to allow project partners, through their comparative advantages, to explore and advocate through new paths to support refugees and the communities hosting them.

Context

Decades of systemic persecution and discrimination against Rohingya have driven displacement of Rohingya population within and from Myanmar. The military seizure of power post-February 2021 has further intensified conflict and violence in the country - one of the primary drivers of migration reported among Rohingya refugees in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. Rohingya refugees have been forcibly displaced across the Asia region, with the majority in Bangladesh, which now hosts 961, 729 Rohingya in Cox-s Bazar camps as of end of May 2023.

A lack of durable solutions - whether integration in host countries, resettlement to a third country, or return in safety and dignity, has left Rohingya in limbo. While Bangladesh has a long history of hosting Rohingya refugees, the presence of close to one million Rohingya in Cox-s Bazar continue to present challenges such as overcrowding, growing insecurity, escalating restrictions, and decreasing humanitarian aid.

Acute climate vulnerability in Bangladesh and Myanmar could act as a stress multiplier to the existing challenges. Both countries were ranked among the top ten countries most affected by extreme weather events between 2000-2019. Cox-s Bazar, which hosts the world-s largest refugee camp, is one of the disaster-prone districts in the country frequently impacted by disasters such as tropical cyclones, floods, and landslides. Cyclone Mocha which struck both countries on 14 May 2023, is the most recent extreme weather event affecting Rohingya refugees, resulting in an estimated 3.2 million people in urgent need of humanitarian assistance. The increasing frequency and intensity of these weather events due to climate change is likely to exacerbate and increase protection risks for marginalized Rohingya refugees.

Environmental and climate risks could magnify underlying risk factors associated with insecurity and livelihood vulnerability that shape the migration and displacement dynamics of Rohingya refugees. Against this background, this research aims to examine the complex ways in which climate change specifically affects (im)mobility for the Rohingya, and to what extent environmental factors interact with other social, economic, and political factors in driving (im)mobility, increasing protection risks, and impacting prospects for achieving durable solutions. It aims to provide a better understanding of the experiences of Rohingya refugees in the context of conflicts and disasters through an intersectional lens. The research outcomes will also support advocacy towards donors and host countries on integrating climate change into national and regional refugee protection policy and programming responses.

Objective of the consultancy:

This research has the following objectives:

To explore the intersection of climate change and (im)mobility of Rohingya refugees
To examine the experiences of Rohingya refugees in the context of climate change through an intersectional lens
To provide credible evidence on how climate change impacts Rohingya refugees- protection risks, to support improved integration of linkages between climate change, (im)mobility, and protection risks policy and programming by humanitarian actors.
To identify strategic, actionable and practical recommendations to policymakers and other actors advocating for protection of Rohingya refugees in the context of climate change and conflict
Key Research Questions

What role do climate change and environmental factors play in the (im)mobility dynamics of Rohingya refugees?
In what way do environmental factors intersect with other drivers of movements among Rohingya refugees?
How do underlying social, political, and economic factors shape the experiences of Rohingya refugees in the context of climate change and conflict?
To what extent do deteriorating environmental conditions affect protection risks and vulnerabilities among Rohingya refugees through an intersectional lens?
Do climate or environmental factors play a role in onward movements among Rohingya refugees? If so, in what way?
How do climate change and environmental factors impact prospects for achieving durable solutions for Rohingya refugees?
What are the gaps in national and regional refugee protection policy and programming in response to the nexus between climate change and migration and how could these gaps be addressed?
Scope of work and Methodology

The Consultant will be required to prepare a detailed methodology and work plan indicating how the objectives of the project will be achieved, and the support required from PRiA partners.

This research will be based on primary data collected from qualitative in-depth interviews with Rohingya refugees and a variety of stakeholders in Bangladesh and other key host countries including India, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand; and where available, quantitative data sources (including climate trends and forecasting). The research will also utilize data from MMC-s 4Mi migrant survey in PRiA countries in focus - India, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. It is expected that this research will draw from diverse and inclusive perspectives primarily from refugee populations, in addition to key informants from civil society, international organizations, and non-governmental organizations. This research should be grounded in evidence from a review of relevant research, literature, and policy documents. The research will progress in line with the ethical research standards defined by MMC, ensuring informed consent, confidentiality, and best practice in refugee-specific research informant protection.

Stakeholder engagement

The consultant will be expected to engage with stakeholders across the region throughout the consultancy. Stakeholder engagement is essential to ensure that the research is relevant to shared advocacy goals and program responses; assist in the further validation of findings; and increase the usefulness and uptake of recommendations. This includes engaging and coordinating with the PRiA Project Technical Committee and meeting at regular intervals to gather input into the research design, implementation, and reporting. Key stakeholders include refugees and migrants, as well as advocates, CSOs, NGOs, refugee-led organizations, INGOs/UN, government representatives and subregional/regional bodies.

Dissemination of research findings

Final research findings will be disseminated through PRiA project partner networks in the form of a written executive summary, full report, as well as social media engagements. A launch event (either in-person or virtual) may be organized and it is envisaged that intermediary dissemination sessions may also be conducted by the consultant in order to share and validate research findings.

Deliverables

The consultancy will culminate in a research report concisely presenting findings in clear language, adhering to the PRiA-s Terminology Guides and publishable upon completion.

Phase 1: Inception stage

In inception stage, the con

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